Citing Sources using APA, MLA, Chicago, ASA, ESA (Ecology), CSE, AMS Style

The following links are recommended sources to help you with citing sources using one of the three major citation styles (APA, MLA, or Chicago Style), or come visit our Center. We've also added Ecology Style from the Journal of Ecology. If your citation style is not one of the big three or Ecology, we can still work with you! Please make an appointment with one of our tutors.

WMC Quick Guide Comparison:  In Text Citation Practice with Multiple Authors

APA Style Guide (7th Edition)

• WMC's Quick Guide to APA Style (7th Ed) (PDF, 498KB). APA is the most common style in psychology and social sciences.
  
• FREE APA Style online during COVID-19 Pandemic
• APA's "Basics of APA Style" slideshow tutorial (provides overview of APA manuscript formatting, reducing bias in language, creating reference list; includes links at the end with sample paper and references).
• APA Quick Reference Guide
• APA References
• APA In Text Citations
• APA Title Page Guide
• APA Formatting
• APA Tables and Figures
• APA Figures: Checklist and Examples of Figures from 7th Edition
• How to cite block quotes APA Style: Samples.
• How to cite a source cited in another source: APA.org example. Another example.
• How to create references/in text citation for electronic images (website, google images)

MLA Style Guide (8th Edition)

• WMC's Quick Guide to MLA Style (PDF) and What's New with MLA's 8th Edition (PDF, 228KB)
• Purdue OWL's MLA Guide: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/01/
  OWL provides general format and style guide for writing papers in MLA style, the most commonly used style in liberal arts and humanities. However, do not use the MLA citation generator on the Purdue OWL webpage. Information generated is inconsistent and may be incorrect.
• MLA explains changes to the eighth edition at this link.

The Chicago Manual of Style Online

• WMC's Quick Guide to Chicago Style: Notes/Bib system (PDF, 441KB)
• WMC's Quick Guide to Chicago Style: Author/Date system (PDF, 493KB)
• Chicago Manual of Style Online--Quick Guide: http://chicagomanualofstyle.org

American Sociological Society (ASA) Style (6th Edition)

• WMC's Quick Guide to ASA Style (6th Edition)
• Please do not use the ASA citation generator on the Purdue OWL webpage. Information generated is inconsistent and may be incorrect.

ESA (Ecological Society of America) Style

• WMC's Quick Guide to Ecology Style (ESRM)
• For more information on writing in ESRM visit: http://esrm.zone/writing-tutorials/
  
  • ESRM Technical Writing Guide
  • Worksheet for Literature Review Structure
  • Introductory videos on: Choosing a Topic, Approaching a Research Paper, Components of Technical Writing, etc.

CSE (Council of Science Editors), Scientific Style

• CSE Quick Guide for three systems of in-text references and end references.

AMS (American Mathematical Society) Style

• WMC's AMS Quick Guide
• AMS Style Guide online 2017, free
• AMS uses Chicago Style for grammar and style for scholarly works and "things not covered in the AMS manual" (AMS, 12). See Chicago Style Guide (online).
• AMS recommends using MathSiNet (MSC) to identify how to complete reference information: https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet. It also recommends MathSiNet for the spelling of technical terms.

General Guides to Researching and Documenting Sources

• Annotated Bibliography: WMC Guide for Annotated Bibliography
• Paraphrasing:  WMC Handout for Citing and Paraphrasing using ASA Style.