Citing Sources using APA, MLA, Chicago, ASA, ESA (Ecology), CSE, AMS Style
The following links are recommended sources to help you with citing sources using one of the three major citation styles (APA, MLA, or Chicago Style), or come visit our Center. We've also added Ecology Style from the Journal of Ecology. If your citation style is not one of the big three or Ecology, we can still work with you! Please make an appointment with one of our tutors.
APA Style Guide (7th Edition)
- WMC's Quick Guide to APA Style (7th Ed) (PDF, 498KB). APA is the most common style in psychology and social sciences.
- FREE APA Style online during COVID-19 Pandemic
- APA's "Basics of APA Style" slideshow tutorial (provides overview of APA manuscript formatting, reducing bias in language, creating reference list; includes links at the end with sample paper and references).
- APA Quick Reference Guide
- APA References
- APA In Text Citations
- APA Title Page Guide
- APA Formatting
- APA Tables and Figures
- APA Figures: Checklist and Examples of Figures from 7th Edition
- How to cite block quotes APA Style: Samples.
- How to cite a source cited in another source: APA.org example.
- How to create references/in text citation for electronic images (website, google images)
- TAKE THE WMC APA QUIZ! Test yourself on your APA knowledge.
MLA Style Guide (9th Edition)
- WMC's Quick Guide to MLA Style, 9th Edition (PDF, 228KB)
- MLA Sample Essays
- Purdue OWL's MLA Guide: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/01/
OWL provides general format and style guide for writing papers in MLA style, the most commonly used style in liberal arts and humanities. However, do not use the MLA citation generator on the Purdue OWL webpage. Information generated is inconsistent and may be incorrect.
The Chicago Manual of Style Online
- WMC's Quick Guide to Chicago Style: Notes/Bib system (PDF, 441KB)
- WMC's Quick Guide to Chicago Style: Author/Date system (PDF, 493KB)
- Chicago Manual of Style Online--Quick Guide: http://chicagomanualofstyle.org
American Sociological Society (ASA) Style (6th Edition)
- WMC's Quick Guide to ASA Style (6th Edition)
- Please do not use the ASA citation generator on the Purdue OWL webpage. Information generated is inconsistent and may be incorrect.
ESA (Ecological Society of America) Style
- WMC's Quick Guide to Ecology Style (ESRM)
- WMC's Quick Guide to Ecology Style for ESRM 100
- For more information on writing in ESRM visit: http://esrm.zone/writing-tutorials/
- ESRM Technical Writing Guide
- Worksheet for Literature Review Structure
- Introductory videos on: Choosing a Topic, Approaching a Research Paper, Components of Technical Writing, etc.
CSE (Council of Science Editors), Scientific Style
- CSE Quick Guide for three systems of in-text references and end references.
AMS (American Mathematical Society) Style
- WMC's AMS Quick Guide
- AMS Style Guide online 2017, free
- AMS uses Chicago Style for grammar and style for scholarly works and "things not covered in the AMS manual" (AMS, 12). See Chicago Style Guide (online).
- AMS recommends using MathSiNet (MSC) to identify how to complete reference information: https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet. It also recommends MathSiNet for the spelling of technical terms.
ACS (American Chemical Society) Style
- WMC's ACS Quick Guide
- For more information on how to write Chemistry lab reports, answer short essay questions, etc., and to see examples, visit CI Writing Guide for Chemistry.
Other Handouts
WMC Quick Guide Comparison: In Text Citation Practice with Multiple Authors
Annotated Bibliography: WMC Guide for Annotated Bibliography
Paraphrasing:
WMC Handout Exercise for Paraphrasing Correctly Using APA Style.
WMC Handout Exercise for Paraphrasing Correctly using ASA Style.
